Some problems breweries have with yeast.

Supplying Craft Breweries With Locally Produced Ingredients

Some Problems with Thermostatnonlinearities

The thermostat nonlinearity is the simplest form of history-dependent feedback control with a discontinuity. We consider here a class of distributed parameter control problems with feedback involving a thermostat whose time-dependent setting u() is now taken as a control to be optimized. Existence of an optimal control is shown rst for (known) input, and then considered for a formulation of the...

Some Problems with Particularism

This article suggests that due to a restricted understanding of the nature and scope of ethical theory, particularism discounts prematurely the possibility of a metatheory of Buddhist ethics. The textual evidence presented in support of particularism is reconsidered and shown to be consistent with a metatheoretical reading. It is argued that writers who have adopted a particularist approach bas...

Creating and retaining authenticity among craft breweries: a case study of local breweries in Boston, Massachusetts

Brewing has a long history in this country—first making an appearance in 1620 with the landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth Rock in Massachusetts. Today, beers can be easily categorized into one of two types: 1) industrial, and 2) craft. The focus of this paper is on this second type, the "craft beer" and the so-called "renaissance" it experienced during the 1980s. In 1983, there were only 43 op...

Some Problems with Genetic Horoscopes

The Charms and Perils of Genetic Astrology The view that dominated biological thought in general, and evolutionary biology in particular, from the 1940s until the beginning of the 21 st century, was focused on the gene. Development was seen as the product of genes’ action, and ecology as the context for the natural selection of genes. This view was well reflected in textbooks of evolutionary bi...